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Exploración ginecológica | El médico recoge una anamnesis de la enfermedad, sondea el tumor y orienta a la paciente para realizar pruebas y exámenes. |
Ecografía / ultrasonido intravaginal | Permite determinar la localización de los miomas e identificar las neoplasias y los nódulos más pequeños. |
La histeroscopia/colposcopia diagnóstica son métodos de examen del útero mediante un sistema óptico. | Permiten al médico ver el estado del útero y elegir un método para extirpar los miomas. |
Biopsia (toma de muestras de tejido) con análisis histológico | El procedimiento se realiza durante una colposcopia. Con un dispositivo especial, el médico toma una muestra de tejido del mioma y la entrega para su examen al microscopio. El análisis histológico revela células cancerosas, procesos inflamatorios en el sistema genitourinario y causas de infertilidad. |
Los métodos de tratamiento de los miomas se dividen en no quirúrgicos y quirúrgicos. Estos últimos incluyen la miomectomía (extirpación de los miomas) y la histerectomía (extirpación del útero). La ventaja de la extirpación quirúrgica de los miomas es que la posibilidad de recidiva es mínima, mientras que con la histerectomía es completamente inexistente.
Las desventajas de estos métodos son las cicatrices, las complicaciones postoperatorias, la pérdida de sangre y los fallos hormonales. La cirugía moderna de los miomas uterinos permite reducir todos estos riesgos al mínimo. Por eso, los especialistas de las clínicas extranjeras prefieren las técnicas mínimamente invasivas. Entre ellas se encuentran la laparoscopia (cirugía a través de punciones en el peritoneo) y la histeroscopia (cirugía a través de la vagina).
Embolización de las arterias uterinas. Se introducen pequeños globos (émbolos) a través del catéter en la arteria femoral. Obstruyen los vasos que alimentan el mioma y éste se contrae hasta alcanzar un estado normal.
FUS-ablación. El procedimiento consiste en calentar los miomas bajo control por resonancia magnética, tras lo cual se destruye la neoplasia.
Llegada
Diagnósticos
Desarrollo del plan de tratamiento
Tratamiento
Hacer un seguimiento
Rehabilitación
Tenga en cuenta que lo anterior es una guía general. Solo un proveedor de atención médica puede determinar el plan de diagnóstico y tratamiento preciso que se adapte a su condición individual. También se pueden considerar otras opciones de diagnóstico, como la laparoscopia o la biopsia endometrial, y opciones de tratamiento, como la terapia hormonal o la embolización de la arteria uterina.
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