El adenocarcinoma deriva de las células glandulares que forman el epitelio intestinal. Es el tipo de cáncer de intestino delgado que se encuentra con mayor frecuencia. Por lo general, los adenocarcinomas ocurren en el área cercana al estómago.
El leiomiosarcoma es la enfermedad del intestino delgado que se encuentra con mayor frecuencia entre los sarcomas primarios. Se inicia en las células del músculo liso del intestino delgado. A menudo, estos tumores ocurren cerca del colon.
Los tumores carcinoides son un tipo de cáncer de crecimiento lento. Estos tumores neuroendocrinos pueden secretar sustancias como la serotonina o las prostaglandinas, provocando el «síndrome carcinoide».
El linfoma es un cáncer del sistema linfático (tipo de linfoma no Hodgkin). Suele ocurrir en el yeyuno o el íleon.
El tumor del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) puede crecer a partir de las células intersticiales de Cajal (ICC). Estas células están ubicadas en la pared del sistema digestivo y ayudan a mover los alimentos a través de él.
Los primeros 4 tipos constituyen la mayoría de los tumores malignos del intestino delgado.
Los médicos usan pruebas específicas para diagnosticar el cáncer de intestino delgado. No todas las pruebas se utilizan para todas las personas. Al elegir un médico de prueba, considere los síntomas, el tipo de cáncer sospechado, la edad del paciente y los resultados de exámenes médicos anteriores. El diagnóstico del cáncer de intestino delgado incluye varios análisis de sangre, biopsia, tomografía computarizada, tomografía por emisión de positrones, resonancia magnética y endoscopia.
Las principales formas de tratar el cáncer de intestino delgado son la cirugía del intestino delgado, la quimioterapia y la radioterapia.
La cirugía es la opción básica de tratamiento. Durante el procedimiento laparoscópico (\"ojo de cerradura\"), se extirpa un tumor junto con un área de tejido normal que lo rodea. Para disminuir el riesgo de propagación del cáncer, la cirugía debe ser realizada por un cirujano experimentado. Bookimed ofrece solo las clínicas mejor equipadas con los mejores cirujanos abdominales del mundo. El costo de la cirugía del intestino delgado depende del tipo, la ubicación y el tamaño del tumor.
La tasa de supervivencia para todos los tipos de cáncer de intestino delgado es del 67 %.
La tasa de supervivencia general a 5 años para el cáncer de intestino delgado que se puede extirpar:
Llegada
Diagnósticos
Desarrollo del plan de tratamiento
Tratamiento
Hacer un seguimiento
Rehabilitación
Tenga en cuenta que el proceso anterior es típico, pero puede variar según las necesidades individuales del paciente y el juicio profesional del médico. La inmunoterapia, los cuidados paliativos y los ensayos clínicos también se pueden considerar como parte del plan de tratamiento.
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