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Para llevar a cabo un tratamiento efectivo, es necesario establecer un diagnóstico preciso . En primer lugar, especialistas como el urólogo y el oncólogo realizan un examen que comprende la palpación de los testículos y los ganglios linfáticos.
Entonces es obligatorio aplicar métodos de visualización :
Estos métodos permiten detectar peculiaridades del crecimiento tumoral, metástasis y su nivel de diseminación, estimar el estado de los tejidos circundantes.
El siguiente paso es realizar pruebas diagnósticas sobre marcadores tumorales específicos . En caso de tipo de tumor no seminoma se detecta alfa-fetoproteína .
El tratamiento del cáncer testicular siempre comienza con la extirpación del testículo afectado (este tipo de cirugía se llama orquiectomía). Otras tácticas de tratamiento dependen de las características histológicas del tumor, el estadio del cáncer y el nivel de marcadores tumorales en la sangre.
En caso de tumor testicular seminoma en etapa 1 y 2, la cirugía se realiza junto con radioterapia y extirpación de los ganglios linfáticos de la cavidad abdominal. En la etapa 3 y 4 del cáncer de testículo seminoma el tratamiento incluye quimioterapia .
En las etapas iniciales, el tumor seminoma se trata con éxito en el 95% de los casos .
Los tumores testiculares no seminomas son menos sensibles a la radioterapia. Si un paciente tiene cáncer testicular no seminoma en estadio 1 y 2 después de una orquiectomía, se aplican estos métodos:
El costo del tratamiento del cáncer testicular depende de la etapa de la enfermedad, el nivel de diseminación metastásica, el país y el hospital donde el paciente prefiere someterse al tratamiento.
El costo de la orquiectomía generalmente depende de estos factores:
El tratamiento del cáncer de testículo siempre supone la extirpación de uno o dos testículos. Pero la ausencia de este órgano puede causar molestias en los hombres, es por eso que los mejores hospitales a nivel mundial recomiendan realizar prótesis de testículos . El precio de este procedimiento depende del material del implante y del centro médico donde se vaya a realizar esta operación.
Por lo general, los testículos protésicos están hechos de silicona hipoalergénica. El implante recrea la forma del órgano extirpado, por lo que un testículo protésico se verá como uno natural . El costo de este procedimiento se calcula individualmente.
Una operación se lleva a cabo bajo anestesia general o local. Tiene una duración de 30-40 minutos . La hospitalización no es necesaria para este tipo de cirugía.
Llegada
Diagnósticos
Desarrollo del plan de tratamiento
Tratamiento
Hacer un seguimiento
Rehabilitación
Recuerde, solo un médico puede determinar un plan de diagnóstico y tratamiento ya que cada caso es individual. También se pueden usar otros métodos de diagnóstico, como tomografías computarizadas o resonancias magnéticas. Se pueden considerar tratamientos adicionales, como quimioterapia de dosis alta con trasplante de células madre, terapia hormonal o terapias dirigidas, según la condición del paciente.
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