Clinichub es un proveedor de turismo de salud multiespecialidad en Estambul, Turquía. La clínica se especializa en cirugía plástica, otorrinolaringología y oftalmología. Coordina la atención en hospitales aprobados por el Ministerio de Salud y acreditados por la JCI. El equipo médico incluye a 11 médicos especializados en procedimientos estéticos y bariátricos. El Dr. Murat Muhammed Biner ha realizado más de 2.000 operaciones quirúrgicas.
Algunos especialistas se formaron en instituciones como la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Johns Hopkins. El proveedor cuenta con las certificaciones JCI e ISO 9001. Está autorizado como Centro Internacional de Turismo de Salud por el Ministerio de Salud de Turquía. Para el contorno corporal, la clínica utiliza liposucción VASER. Más del 90 % de los pacientes de LASIK experimentan una mejora de la visión.
Los pacientes internacionales reciben recogida en el aeropuerto, traslados VIP y estancias en hoteles premium para su recuperación. La atención incluye asistencia posoperatoria las 24 horas, todos los días, y cuidados de enfermería en el hotel. Un equipo dedicado guía a los pacientes hasta que regresan a casa.
","text_type":"short_description","reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":9090,"alias":"clinichub-tr","name":"Clinichub","short_description":"Clinichub es un proveedor de turismo de salud multiespecialidad en Estambul, Turquía. La clínica se especializa en cirugía plástica, otorrinolaringología y oftalmología. Coordina la atención en hospitales aprobados por el Ministerio de Salud y acreditados por la JCI. El equipo médico incluye a 11 médicos especializados en procedimientos estéticos y bariátricos. El Dr. Murat Muhammed Biner ha realizado más de 2.000 operaciones quirúrgicas.
Algunos especialistas se formaron en instituciones como la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Johns Hopkins. El proveedor cuenta con las certificaciones JCI e ISO 9001. Está autorizado como Centro Internacional de Turismo de Salud por el Ministerio de Salud de Turquía. Para el contorno corporal, la clínica utiliza liposucción VASER. Más del 90 % de los pacientes de LASIK experimentan una mejora de la visión.
Los pacientes internacionales reciben recogida en el aeropuerto, traslados VIP y estancias en hoteles premium para su recuperación. La atención incluye asistencia posoperatoria las 24 horas, todos los días, y cuidados de enfermería en el hotel. Un equipo dedicado guía a los pacientes hasta que regresan a casa.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6ae0c711b09ba","title":"Pasillo del hospital Clinichub con entradas modernas a quirófanos y lavabos de acero inoxidable"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae0c713385d3","title":"Habitación de paciente en Clinichub con cama hospitalaria, sofá y grandes ventanas"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae0c714b585b","title":"Sala de espera moderna en la clínica Clinichub con sofás y televisor"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae0c71638d00","title":"Habitación de paciente en Clinichub con cama hospitalaria moderna y paredes de madera"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turquía","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Estambul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"Sahrayı Cedit, Batman Sk. No:18, 34734 Kadıköy/İstanbul, Turkey"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.7,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":11},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/5cfa0ad8c533a.jpeg","name":"Joint Commission International","country_code":"US"},{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/6841934325139.jpeg","name":"ISO 9001:2015 Sistemas de gestión de la calidad"}]}},{"text":"Dr. Diego Franco Cirugía Plástica se encuentra en Pereira, Colombia. La clínica se especializa en medicina estética, cirugía reconstructiva y contorno corporal. El Dr. Franco es un cirujano plástico certificado que se graduó de la Universidad de Manizales. Su equipo ha realizado más de 10.000 procedimientos.
Entre los tratamientos principales se incluyen los cambios de imagen para mamás, el aumento de senos, las abdominoplastias, el rejuvenecimiento facial y la rinoplastia. La clínica también ofrece estiramientos faciales endoscópicos, lifting de plano profundo y métodos avanzados de liposucción, como PAL y lipólisis láser. Los pacientes internacionales reciben apoyo bilingüe durante todo el proceso de atención. Cada plan quirúrgico se adapta a la anatomía del paciente e incluye orientación detallada para una recuperación segura.
","text_type":"short_description","reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":9368,"alias":"dr-diego-franco-aesthetic-plastic-surgery-pereira","name":"Dr. Diego Franco (Aesthetic & Plastic Surgery) — Pereira","short_description":"Dr. Diego Franco Cirugía Plástica se encuentra en Pereira, Colombia. La clínica se especializa en medicina estética, cirugía reconstructiva y contorno corporal. El Dr. Franco es un cirujano plástico certificado que se graduó de la Universidad de Manizales. Su equipo ha realizado más de 10.000 procedimientos.
Entre los tratamientos principales se incluyen los cambios de imagen para mamás, el aumento de senos, las abdominoplastias, el rejuvenecimiento facial y la rinoplastia. La clínica también ofrece estiramientos faciales endoscópicos, lifting de plano profundo y métodos avanzados de liposucción, como PAL y lipólisis láser. Los pacientes internacionales reciben apoyo bilingüe durante todo el proceso de atención. Cada plan quirúrgico se adapta a la anatomía del paciente e incluye orientación detallada para una recuperación segura.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6ae1fc767df2b","title":"Dr. Diego Franco en la clínica Estética Medellin, uniforme médico, Colombia"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae1fc783aa1c","title":"Cirujano con bata médica en pasillo de la clínica Dr. Diego Franco, Pereira, Colombia"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae1fc7a12572","title":"Cirujano plástico en la clínica Dr. Diego Franco en Pereira sosteniendo implante mamario"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae1fc7b75d25","title":"Cirujano plástico en la clínica Dr. Diego Franco en Pereira sostiene un implante mamario"}],"flags":[{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Colombia","id":204,"alias":"colombia","iso_code":"CO"},"city":{"name":"Medellín","id":2522,"alias":"medellin"},"address":"Carrera 18 # 9–10, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":1},"accreditations":[]}},{"text":"VIPMED Klinik es un centro médico en Estambul especializado en restauración capilar y estética. El equipo realiza trasplantes de cabello, barba y cejas para hombres y mujeres. Utilizan técnicas DHI y Sapphire FUE para lograr una alta densidad. La clínica fue fundada en 2007 por la Dra. Demet Askin, quien se formó en la Universidad de Viena.
La Dra. Askin ha practicado medicina estética durante casi 20 años. La clínica también ofrece cuidado avanzado de la piel, incluyendo terapia con células madre y Ultherapy. La tasa de éxito reportada para la restauración capilar es del 100%. Los pacientes internacionales reciben traslados VIP, estancias en hoteles y apoyo de traductores. El personal habla inglés, alemán, ruso, árabe y turco.
","text_type":"short_description","agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":5324,"alias":"vip-med-klinik","name":"VIPMED Klinik","short_description":"VIPMED Klinik es un centro médico en Estambul especializado en restauración capilar y estética. El equipo realiza trasplantes de cabello, barba y cejas para hombres y mujeres. Utilizan técnicas DHI y Sapphire FUE para lograr una alta densidad. La clínica fue fundada en 2007 por la Dra. Demet Askin, quien se formó en la Universidad de Viena.
La Dra. Askin ha practicado medicina estética durante casi 20 años. La clínica también ofrece cuidado avanzado de la piel, incluyendo terapia con células madre y Ultherapy. La tasa de éxito reportada para la restauración capilar es del 100%. Los pacientes internacionales reciben traslados VIP, estancias en hoteles y apoyo de traductores. El personal habla inglés, alemán, ruso, árabe y turco.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6a768dee8a628","title":"Entrada principal de VIPMED Klinik con puertas de vidrio modernas"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a768df0d32ae","title":"Pasillo de VIPMED Klinik con decoración moderna y arte en Turquía"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a768df2c3323","title":"Sala de espera de VIPMED Klinik con sofá de cuero y decoración moderna"},{"base_url":"clinic/6a768df510b42","title":"Sala de tratamiento para pacientes en VIPMED Klinik con sillón médico moderno y equipo"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":false},{"name":"is_hide","value":false}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Turquía","id":46,"alias":"turkey","iso_code":"TR"},"city":{"name":"Estambul","id":107,"alias":"istanbul"},"address":"Akat, Ebulula Mardin Cd. Mermerler Sitesi C blok no:4, D:3, 34330 Beşiktaş/İstanbul, Türkiye"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.9,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":1,"year_foundation":2007},"accreditations":[],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"0"},{"setting_name":"kids_only","setting_value":"0"}]}}],"meta":{"total_count":93,"total_pages":10}},"promoSlots":[{"card":{"text":"W Plastic Surgery Hospital es un centro quirúrgico especializado en Bangkok, Tailandia. El centro se especializa en cirugía plástica, cirugía estética y medicina estética. Entre sus procedimientos principales se incluyen el lifting facial de plano profundo, el lifting de cuello y la rinoplastia. También ofrece tratamientos de bienestar íntimo y dermatología láser. Fundada en 2018, la clínica cuenta con 16 especialistas certificados por sus respectivas juntas médicas.
El Dr. Sirachai Jindarak dirige el equipo asesor médico. Es presidente de la Sociedad de Cirujanos Plásticos Estéticos de Tailandia. El hospital cumple con los estándares internacionales de seguridad y cuenta con la acreditación de ISAPS. Los quirófanos disponen de monitores de signos vitales y equipos de soporte vital de emergencia. Los anestesiólogos supervisan a los pacientes durante cada procedimiento. La clínica utiliza tecnología avanzada, como los sistemas LipoTite Pro y Volnewmer RF.
","text_type":"short_description","best_texts":{"techniques":"Mini liposucción, microcánula","why_its_ranked":"Utiliza una microcánula con tecnología para disolver la grasa a través de incisiones de 0,2–0,3 cm ocultas debajo del mentón o en el lóbulo de la oreja, retirando la grasa en pasadas graduales para lograr una piel lisa."},"additional_data":{"advertising_id":"9900:illness_kind:38"},"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"1"}],"reviews":[],"clinic":{"id":9900,"alias":"w-plastic-surgery-hospital","name":"W Plastic Surgery Hospital","short_description":"W Plastic Surgery Hospital es un centro quirúrgico especializado en Bangkok, Tailandia. El centro se especializa en cirugía plástica, cirugía estética y medicina estética. Entre sus procedimientos principales se incluyen el lifting facial de plano profundo, el lifting de cuello y la rinoplastia. También ofrece tratamientos de bienestar íntimo y dermatología láser. Fundada en 2018, la clínica cuenta con 16 especialistas certificados por sus respectivas juntas médicas.
El Dr. Sirachai Jindarak dirige el equipo asesor médico. Es presidente de la Sociedad de Cirujanos Plásticos Estéticos de Tailandia. El hospital cumple con los estándares internacionales de seguridad y cuenta con la acreditación de ISAPS. Los quirófanos disponen de monitores de signos vitales y equipos de soporte vital de emergencia. Los anestesiólogos supervisan a los pacientes durante cada procedimiento. La clínica utiliza tecnología avanzada, como los sistemas LipoTite Pro y Volnewmer RF.
","images":[{"base_url":"clinic/6ae45cc458252","title":"Fachada moderna de W Plastic Surgery Hospital en Tailandia al atardecer"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae45cc65a246","title":"Área de recepción en W Plastic Surgery Hospital con decoración moderna y asientos cómodos"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae45cc7dde8d","title":"Sala de recepción moderna en W Plastic Surgery Hospital con asientos y decoración elegante"},{"base_url":"clinic/6ae45cc9a325a","title":"Área de espera moderna en W Plastic Surgery Hospital con sillas azules y detalles dorados"}],"flags":[{"name":"has_active_agencies","value":true},{"name":"is_hide","value":false},{"name":"is_parsed_from_docs","value":true},{"name":"is_created_by_parser","value":true}],"geo":{"country":{"name":"Tailandia","id":45,"alias":"thailand","iso_code":"TH"},"city":{"name":"Bangkok","id":75,"alias":"bangkok"},"address":"1 Pradit Manutham 25, Lat Phrao, Lat Phrao, Bangkok 10230, Thailand"},"rating":{"rating":0,"google":4.6,"percent_of_satisfied_clients":0},"statistics":{"number_of_reviews":0,"doctors_number":16,"year_foundation":2018},"accreditations":[{"logo":"https://s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/bookimed/accreditations/61779fac22b09.jpeg","name":"Otorgado al médico Certificado de la International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS)","country_code":"US"}],"agency_settings":[{"setting_name":"is_new","setting_value":"1"}]}}},{"card":{"text":"El Dr. Tanongsak Panyawirunroj, un destacado cirujano plástico con más de _doctor_6135_years_ de experiencia, se especializa en la eliminación de grasa bucal masculina. Formado en el Hospital Siriraj e internacionalmente en cirugía craneofacial, posee certificaciones de instituciones en Taiwán, EE. UU. y Corea del Sur. El Asia Cosmetic Hospital, acreditado por la JCI, mantiene una tasa de complicaciones del 0% con instalaciones quirúrgicas avanzadas.
El Asia Cosmetic Hospital es un centro médico de Bangkok (Tailandia) especializado en cirugía plástica estética y cirugía bariátrica de la obesidad. Es uno de los mejores centros de cirugía plástica de Tailandia y de la región Asia-Pacífico. El centro cuenta con la certificación ISO, la acreditación hospitalaria y la prestigiosa acreditación de la Joint Commission International (JCI). Estas credenciales reflejan su dedicación a mantener los más altos niveles de atención al paciente, seguridad y calidad.
\n\nEl hospital dispone de instalaciones de vanguardia con tecnología avanzada y una plantilla de profesionales altamente cualificados y experimentados. En el Asia Cosmetic Hospital, los cirujanos plásticos realizan todas las operaciones bajo la supervisión de anestesistas y cardiólogos, lo que se traduce en una tasa del 0% de complicaciones postoperatorias de los pacientes.
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La Dra. Esra Cabuk Comert es una ginecóloga, obstetra y especialista en FIV con amplia experiencia en Ankara, Turquía. Está especializada en FIV, estética genital y cirugías ginecológicas mínimamente invasivas. Ha gestionado más de 20,000 casos y ha formado a más de 80 médicos en ginecología estética.
\n\nLa Dra. Comert es la entrenadora principal oficial en Turquía para aplicaciones de relleno vaginal Neuvia. Es reconocida por su trabajo en ginecología estética, atiende a pacientes internacionales y apoya el turismo de salud. Ofrece tratamientos avanzados a pacientes de todo el mundo.
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"}}},"operationIndicators":{"details":{"anesthesia":"general","days_in_clinic":2,"days_in_country":7,"rehabilitation_days":14,"satisfied_percent":78,"treatment_duration_hours":2},"illness_kind_details":{"requests_processed":110449}},"responsibleDoctor":{"id":6785,"alias":"esra-cabuk-comert","name":"Esra Cabuk Comert","photo":"doctor/6564e3b672960","advisory_text":"La Dra. Esra Cabuk Comert es obstetra y ginecóloga. Se especializa en FIV, estética vaginal y cirugías laparoscópicas, habiendo manejado más de 20,000 casos. La Dra. Comert está certificada en Cirugía Estética Genital por la Asociación Europea de Medicina y Cirugía Estética. También posee certificaciones en Laparoscopia Ginecológica y Histeroscopia, ambas aprobadas por el Ministerio de Salud de Turquía.","linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-esra-%C3%A7abuk-c%C3%B6mert-a12a08205/?originalSubdomain=tr","specialities":[{"id":"frt.002","name":"Especialista en fertilidad","illness_kind_id":68},{"id":"oag.001","name":"Obstetra-ginecóloga","illness_kind_id":35},{"id":"oag.002","name":"Ginecólogo","illness_kind_id":35}]},"direction":{"id":38,"name":"Cirugía plástica","alias":"plastic-surgery"},"illness_kind":{"id":38,"name":{"en":"Plastic Surgery"}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":5,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work earlier; depends on pain, swelling and extent of reduction or reconstruction."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":20,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any complication within 90 days (hematoma, infection, dehiscence, sensory change); serious ones uncommon."},"contraindications":["Active genital or local infection","Uncontrolled medical conditions that make anesthesia or surgery unsafe","Pregnancy (elective surgery usually deferred)","Current smoking or poor wound-healing status (relative precaution)"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":0,"max":1,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Usually same-day discharge; one night if anesthesia recovery or surgeon preference requires observation."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":4,"max":6,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Light walking earlier; strenuous exercise and cycling after wound healing and surgeon clearance."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Swelling resolution, scar maturation and return of sensation determine final appearance and function."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After wound check confirming healing without infection or hematoma; consistent with 7-10 day stay."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","after":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Check before flying home for swelling, hematoma and wound healing."},"requirement":"routine"},{"purpose":"suture_removal","after":{"min":7,"max":10,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Only if non-absorbable sutures were used; often absorbable and not needed."},"requirement":"conditional"},{"purpose":"result_review","after":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Review of healing, sensation and sexual function, often remote for international patients."},"requirement":"routine"}],"indications":["Clitoromegaly, e.g. congenital adrenal hyperplasia or sex development differences","Reconstruction of clitoral anatomy after female genital cutting","Clitoral hypertrophy causing functional or hygiene problems"],"main_risks":["Loss or reduction of clitoral sensation","Altered sexual function or orgasmic difficulty","Bleeding, hematoma, infection, wound dehiscence","Scarring or pain","Need for revision surgery","Partial necrosis of tissue (for flap-based or reconstructive variants)","Anesthesia-related risks"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative genital pain and swelling are expected in the first days, usually managed with oral analgesics. The degree varies with the variant.","preparation":["Specialist consultation defining the goal and specific operation","Pre-anesthesia medical assessment","Discussion of sensation and sexual function risks; informed consent","Stopping smoking before surgery","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"First 48 hours","description":"Genital swelling, tenderness and bruising managed with oral analgesics and cold packs.","restrictions":["Rest","No tight clothing","Keep dressing clean and dry"]},{"phase":"Days 3-10","description":"Swelling gradually eases; wound check before travel. Gentle walking and hygiene care.","restrictions":["No baths or swimming","No heavy lifting","No cycling"]},{"phase":"Weeks 2-6","description":"Return to normal daily activity; wound healing completes.","restrictions":["No sexual activity until cleared","No intense exercise","Avoid tampons"]},{"phase":"Months 2-6","description":"Residual swelling resolves, scars mature and sensation settles.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Time to comfortable ordinary daily activity; depends on swelling and extent of surgery."},"result_longevity":"Surgical changes are generally permanent. Appearance may change gradually with ageing, weight or hormonal shifts.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":3,"max":10,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Patients needing a repeat operation for appearance, scarring or function within 2 years."},"scars":"Scars are typically small and placed in the genital folds or clitoral hood area, and are usually inconspicuous after healing. Their extent varies with technique.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single-stage operation; revision is occasionally needed."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Clitoroplasty under general anesthesia","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on day of admission."}}],"qualifier":"Standalone protocol is one operation; follow-up checks are not counted as sessions."},"success":{"metric":"Patient satisfaction with appearance and preserved clitoral sensation","value":85,"unit":"percent of patients","horizon":"6-12 months after surgery","population":"Adult women undergoing clitoral or hood reduction for cosmetic or functional concerns","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Clitoral reduction with preservation of the neurovascular bundle","suits_whom":"Clitoromegaly where the aim is smaller size with preserved sensation","recovery":"Swelling and tenderness settle over weeks; timing varies by surgeon and patient."},{"name":"Clitoral hood reduction (hoodplasty)","suits_whom":"Excess or asymmetric clitoral hood tissue, cosmetic or functional","recovery":"Usually brief local swelling and tenderness; timing varies."},{"name":"Reconstructive clitoroplasty after female genital cutting","suits_whom":"Women with scarring or buried clitoral tissue after genital cutting","recovery":"Healing time depends on the extent of scar release; specialist follow-up is advised."}],"treatment_conditions":["day_case"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":1,"max":3,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time; longer for reconstructive release after genital cutting or combined hood reduction."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Clear external genital photos with scale reference","Gynecologic or endocrine examination report","Hormone panel results (if available)","Prior genital surgery or cutting records (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":1,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; stay about 7-10 days for initial healing and wound check before flying home."},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Ask about possible residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Importantly, there can be issues with residual pain, change in sensation and altered sexual functioning.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Ask about possible scarring that can affect function and appearance","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Additionally, there can be scarring affecting functioning and appearance.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check whether the surgeon discusses realistic expectations, since unrealistic expectations can lead to disappointment","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"The implications of FGCS can stem from unrealistic expectations, with many women being disappointed with the outcome.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check that the clinic discusses the anatomy of the vulva, including the clitoris and hood","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"It is also essential to discuss the anatomy of the vulva including demonstrating the mons pubis, labia majora, minora, clitoris and hood, urethra, vaginal vestibule, perineum and perianal areas (1).","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-13","http_status":200}},{"id":"C5","text":"Confirm the surgeon is trained and experienced in the exact procedure you are considering, not just in surgery generally","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.isaps.org/discover/patients-home/considering-your-procedure-abroad/finding-a-surgeon-abroad/","host":"isaps.org","quote":"Verify that the surgeon is trained and experienced in performing the procedure you are considering.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-13","next_check_at":"2027-11-13","version":1},"red_flags":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"F1","text":"The offer claims the surgery helps urinary or sexual function, without good evidence","scope":"treatment_type","source":{"url":"https://www.rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/maternity-gynaecology-guidelines/gynaecology/gynaecology-guidelines/guidelines-a-z-all-gynaecology-guidelines/female-genital-cosmetic-surgery-gynaecology-626/","host":"rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk","quote":"Surgery can be marketed as helping urinary function and sexual functioning, however there is a lack of high quality 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