Los mejores especialistas en estética y cosmetología de Microagujas (Microneedling) — TOP-30 médicos

La Dra. Domenica Trifoglio es experta en Medicina Estética y Bienestar.

Se licenció en Medicina y Cirugía en la Universidad de Roma “Tor Vergata” y, en 2012, obtuvo el Diploma de Especialización en Medicina Estética y Bienestar en la Escuela IAF de Roma.

Actualmente estás cursando la Escuela de Especialización en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación de la Universidad de Roma “La Sapienza”.

El Dr. Trifoglio, después de haber adquirido experiencia en numerosos centros de Roma, ahora ejerce como médico de hospital en la Autoridad Hospitalaria Cantonal de Faido y como médico estético en LACLINIQUE de Suiza en Lugano, Suiza.

Experiencia Profesional:

2017 - 2024: CLÍNICA SALTAT SUCURSAL GÖZTEPE, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

2014 - 2017: MEMORIAL WELLNESS, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

2008 - 2014: HOSPITAL PRIVADO MEDIPOL DE ESTAMBUL, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

2006 - 2008: HOSPITAL MEDICALPARK BAHÇELİEVLER, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

2003 - 2006: HOSPITAL DE SERVICIO TBV, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

1999 - 2003: CENTRO DE ESTÉTICA Y LÁSER FIZIKOM, Especialista en Dermatología y Venereología

Educación:

1996 - 1999: HOSPITAL ESTATAL DE HASEKI - Residencia en Dermatología

1989 - 1995: UNIVERSIDAD DE ESTAMBUL, FACULTAD DE MEDICINA DE ESTAMBUL, Formación de Médico

Rejuvenate Beauty with Konarc Aesthetics Cosmetic Surgery in Gurgaon, India

For those battling with insecurities about their appearance, cosmetic surgery offers a transformative solution. Dr. Preeti Yadav at Konarc Aesthetics, a seasoned plastic surgeon with over a decade of experience in aesthetics, leads a renowned clinic in Gurgaon, India. Her approach is holistic, catering to each patient's unique needs and desires.

As a female plastic surgeon, Dr. Preeti Yadav understands the specific concerns that women face regarding their bodies. From mothers seeking post-childbirth recovery to teenagers grappling with body image issues, Dr. Yadav empathetically listens to her patients' worries and provides sustainable solutions.

The clinic specializes in a range of procedures tailored to enhance beauty and confidence. Popular treatments include rhinoplasty, jawline shaping, chin enhancement, cheek augmentation, lip fillers, arm and back liposuction, bust surgeries (reduction/enlargement/lift), tummy and waist sculpting, buttock lifts, vaginal rejuvenation, and thigh lifts.

Treatments and Procedures

• Hair Transplant
• Liposuction
• Breast reshaping
• Facial plastic surgery
• Laser therapy
• Male breast surgery
• Reconstructive surgery
• Surgical and non-surgical weight loss procedures
• Non-surgical treatments like botox and fillers

More Information you can contact to us.

• Especialízate en Trasplante Capilar con Técnica DHI.
• Portavoz de Hansbiomed Tailandia
• Curso de formación de instructor de trasplante de cabello para otros médicos en MP Academy.
• Instructor del curso de formación de Rellenos Avanzados para otros médicos en MP Academy.
• Fundador y Director de Clínica MP
• Fundador de One Bright Clinic Chiangmai
• Fundador de la Clínica MP Chiangmai
• Fundador de la Clínica Morepure Phuket
• Director ejecutivo de la Clínica MP
• Director financiero de la Clínica MP
• Director de Marketing de MP Clinic
• Director de Operaciones de la Clínica MP

Dr. Alex Aesthetic Clinic is an aesthetic surgery clinic that has a reputation and standard in the plastic surgery industry for over 10 years. The celebrities are well known. They are very much talked about because Dr. Alex has spent his past work in famous aesthetic surgery clinics in Bangkok until he had the opportunity to open the clinic in Doctor Alex’s hometown (Chiang Mai). The doctor’s attitude is focused on quality under the concept of “Quality is our Best Priority” with the principle of “A Quality You can Trust”

Dr. Alex Aesthetic Clinic has launched an aesthetic surgery clinic in Chiang Mai province recently. Initially, the first branch in Bangkok, about ten years and later expanding in Chiang Mai, with Dr. Anek Sony, which is a doctor, executive, and managing director of the clinic.

Doctor Alex. An aesthetic surgery doctor who devoted most of his work and time to creating facial art and the patient’s body through the blade and needle. A doctor’s ideal, anything that requires a knife, must be used, but use requires art and knowledge. Otherwise, the work will be disastrous.

Dr. Alex has a Doctor of Medicine from Chiang Mai University. He has accumulated working experience from leading clinics and other hospitals both in Thailand and abroad. After that, he had the opportunity to study in Anti-Aging and Regenerative medicine MS from Mae Fah Luang University.

Until he was receiving the American Board of Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, after that, the doctor is going to study at Regenerative Medicine in Arizona, USA. Until returning to Thailand. Dr. Alex brings the perfect combination of the science of solving problems by methods of In Side Out and Out Side In to apply. Moreover, Dr.Alex has the opportunity to study aesthetic surgery in many countries such as the USA, Germany, England, Italy and also study complicated surgery such as endoscopic surgery, using Laser (Israel) in surgery to achieve a unique working style.

Creating beauty on the face and body. The important thing is “Patient satisfaction not only the satisfaction of the doctor.”

The experience was the beginning of the Dr. ALEX Aesthetic and Regenerator Clinic for Chiang Mai people. Whether celebrity, net Idol, model, and Thai and foreign customers all over the country who trust to look after.

Dr. Alex Aesthetic Clinic is located on Tha pae Road in the center of Chiang Mai. In the future, Dr. Alex has the concept and vision to develop the beauty business to become the first and certified with high standards surgery hospital in the north.

Dermatologist

Regular member of the Korean Dermatological Association

Regular member of the Korean Dermatological Association

Regular member of the Korean Society of Dermatology Laser

Regular member of the Korean Society of Vitiligo Pigmentation

Regular member of the Korean Clinical Dermatology Research Association

Adjunct professor of dermatology at Eulji University

Current) Director of Oracle Dermatology Cheongdam Branch

Dermatologist

Regular member of the Korean Dermatological Society

Regular member of the Korean Dermatological Association

Regular member of the Korean Laser Society

Regular member of the Korean Society of Dermatological and Aesthetic Surgery

Former) Director of Oracle Dermatology Apgujeong Branch

Current) Director of Oracle Dermatology Cheongdam branch

As a dedicated Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeon based in Istanbul, Turkey, I bring a strong foundation of experience and a profound commitment to enhancing both form and function to every patient I serve. My journey in the field has been marked by comprehensive training in Marmara University Plastic Surgery Department, one of Turkey's premier centers for breast and facial plastic surgery, where I've had the privilege of specializing in several transformative areas of surgical expertise.

Facial Rejuvenation Surgery: With a profound understanding of facial aesthetics, I am dedicated to helping patients achieve a youthful, refreshed appearance while also providing reconstructive solutions for those facing unique challenges.

Orthognathic Surgery: My extensive training in orthognathic surgery equips me with the skills to harmonize facial structures and restore optimal function, addressing issues related to jaw alignment and facial symmetry with precision and care.

Facial Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery: My specialization extends to a wide range of facial procedures, including:

Deep Plane Facelift Surgery: Delivering natural, long-lasting results with cutting edge surgical technique on facial rejuvenation.
Neck Reshaping Surgeries: Crafting elegant and youthful neck contours.
Endoscopic Facial Surgeries: Minimally invasive techniques for maximum impact.

Periorbital Rejuvenation and Blepharoplasties: Illuminating the windows to the soul.
Facial Bone Contouring: Sculpting facial aesthetics with precision.
Frontal Shaping for Facial Gender Reassignment: Empowering individuals on transformative journeys. Revisional Facial Surgeries: Perfecting previous procedures to achieve excellence.
Facial Paralysis Reconstruction with Tendon and Muscle Transfers: Restoring both function and aesthetics. Scar Revisions and Burn Scarifications: Erasing the marks of the past.
Stem Cell Treatments: Harnessing the latest regenerative therapies.
Skin and Intraoral Tumor Ablation with Reconstructions: Uniting oncological care with aesthetic mastery. Jaw Enhancements and Genioplasties: Balancing and harmonizing facial profiles.
Double Jaw/Bimax Surgeries: Achieving facial symmetry and optimal function.
Rhinoplasties and Nose Reconstructions: Perfecting nasal aesthetics with artistry.

Breast Aesthetics and Reconstruction: Having trained at one of Turkey's leading centers for breast surgeries, I am well- versed in the art of breast aesthetics and reconstruction, ensuring that patients regain both their confidence and their sense of self.

At the core of my practice is a dedication to individualized care. I believe that every patient is unique, and their needs and aspirations deserve tailored attention. My mission is to provide compassionate, patient-centered care that goes beyond routine procedures, ensuring that each individual receives the personalized treatment they deserve.

As I continue to push the boundaries of plastic and aesthetic surgery, my focus remains on achieving excellence in both form and function, all while prioritizing the unique needs of every patient under my care.

Graduated from Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine

Resident at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital

Regular member of the Korean Public Health Association

Regular member of the Korean Medical Association

Current) Director of Oracle Dermatology Cheongdam Branch

Dermatologist

Full member of the Korean Dermatological Association

Full member of the Korean Dermatological Association

Certificate of Nutrition Science in Stanford Medicine

Certificate of Exercise Physiology in Stanford Medicine

Former) Director of Oracle Dermatology Apgujeong Branch

Current) Director of Oracle Dermatology Cheongdam Branch

Dr. Ali Şahan, born on December 3, 1982, is a highly skilled dermatologist with extensive experience in hair transplantation and cosmetic dermatology. He completed his pre-university education at Balıkesir Sırrı Yırcalı Anatolian High School and earned his Medical Doctor degree from the Ankara GATA Faculty of Medicine. In 2014, he completed his specialization in dermatology at the Ankara GATA Department of Dermatology, earning the title Dermatology Specialist.

From 2012 to 2014, Dr. Şahan served as a consultant and trainer for Restylane, sharing his expertise in filler applications through boutique workshops. Currently, he continues to serve as a trainer for Allergan (Botox, Juvederm filler) and Aptos (non-surgical thread facelift) and regularly participates in dermatology conferences, where he leads workshops on cosmetic procedures.

Dr. Şahan has authored numerous publications in national and international journals and is deeply committed to advancing the field of dermatology. His primary areas of interest include the use of hyperbaric oxygen and ultrasound devices in hair transplantation, always staying updated with the latest technological advancements. He has successfully patented the HIBO hyperbaric oxygen device, which he developed to enhance the success of hair transplantation procedures. With over a decade of experience in treating hair loss, Dr. Şahan has personally managed more than 5,000 cases, demonstrating his dedication to achieving optimal results for his patients.

Dr. Himani Yadav is the best Cosmetic Surgeon In Gurgaon. We have a well-experienced team of doctors for Skin, Dental, and Hair Treatment. Our clinic is also equipped with all sets of the latest types of equipment. Our ultimate goal is to help you achieve the healthy smile of our patients. Our Services: Hair:- • Hair transplant • Hair prp • Hair GFC • Hair mesotherapy • Dandruff treatment • Hair fall treatment • Scalp pigmentation Skin:- • Medifacials (hydra facial/oxygeneo/ photo facial/Korean glass treatment/vampire facial) • Injectables Botox/ filler/ threads (Anti-ageing treatment) • Skin tightening treatment Lasers:- • Hair reduction • Tato removal • Pigmentation removal"

MUHAMMET MUSTAFA AYDINOL

Yeşilçimen Sokak No:12 Polat Tower Residence K:2 D:20 Fulya/Şişli/İstanbul • 05542302530 •

www.mustafaaydinol.com

Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeon Work Experience

2020 Jun Plastic Surgeon - Specialist

Mustafa Aydinol Clinic

2019 Dec - 2020 Jun Plastic Surgeon - Specialist

Nişantaşı Hospital

2019 Jun - 2019 Dec Plastic Surgeon - Specialist

Amerikan Estetik Surgical Medical Center

2017 Nov - 2019 Jun Plastic Surgeon - Specialist

Erzincan Mengücek Gazi Education and Research Hospital

2012 Jan - 2017 Nov Plastic Surgery Resident

Dicle University School of Medicine Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery

2010 Dec - 2012 Jan Health Professions and Private Diagnostic&Treatment Centers Directorate Doctor Diyarbakır Provincial Directorate of Health

Education

2012 - 2017 Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Specialist Diploma 

Dicle University - Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Clinic

2004 - 2010 Medical Doctor Degree

Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine

2001 - 2004 High School Diploma Cumhuriyet Science High School

1997 - 2001 Middle School Diploma Tarsus American College

Skills

English Spanish

TOEFL: 103 IELTS:8.5 B1

Memberships

Turkish Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons 

TurkishSociety of Aesthetic Plastic Surgeons

International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 

Rhinoplasty Society Of Europe

Publications

“Multiple disseminated pyogenic granuloma after second degree scald burn: a rare two case”, Durgun M, Selçuk CT, Ozalp B, Aydinol M, Alabalik U, Int J Burns Trauma. 2013 Apr 18;3(2):125-9.

“Toe Amputation After Minor Surgery in a Patient with Behçet’s Disease: A Case Report”, Özalp B, Akcay C, Aydinol M, Selçuk CT,J Foot Ankle Surg. 2016 May-Jun;55(3):638-41.

“Perforator-based propeller flaps for leg reconstruction in pediatric patients”, Özalp B, Aydınol M, J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg.2016 Oct;69(10):e205-11.

“Breast Augmentation Combining Fat Injection and Breast Implants in Patients With Atrophied Breasts”, Özalp B, Aydinol M., Ann Plast Surg. 2017 Jun;78(6):623-628.

“Is the transposition of the nipple-areolar complex necessary in Simon grade 2b gynecomastia operations using suction- assistedliposuction?”, Özalp B, Berköz Ö, Aydınol M., J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2018 Feb;52(1):7-13.

Posters & Presentations

POSTERS

“Opinions of Last Year Medical School Students on Plastic Surgery and Medical School Education: A Survey Study”, M. Aydinol,

B. Özalp, 38th Turkish Society of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons National Meeting.

“A Novel Technique For Nipple Reconstruction; Intradermal Nevus Graft”, B. Özalp, A. Calavul, E. Çelikkaleli, M. Aydınol, 38th Turkish Society of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons National Meeting.

“Co-existence of Multiple Malign Melanoma and Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans In Lower Extremity”, S. Erbatur, M. Aydınol.

“Soft Tissue Defect Due To Brucella Infection In Sternum and Clavicle Area”, C.T.Selçuk, B. Özalp, M. Durgun, A. Calavul, M. Aydınol

Presentations

“Perforator-based propeller flaps for leg reconstruction in pediatric patients”, B. Özalp, M. Aydınol.

Meetings & Courses

2012 34th Turkish Society of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons National Meeting Antalya/Turkey 2013Microsurgery course Zurich/Switzerland

2014 Royal College of Surgeons Upper Limb and Hand Cadaver Dissection Course London/UK 2014 Royal College of Surgeons Breast and Torso Cadaver Dissection Course London/UK 2015 Plastic Surgery The Meeting Boston/ABD

2016 Nazim Cerkes Open Rhinoplasty Course Istanbul/Turkey

2016 38th Turkish Society of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons National Meeting Antalya/Turkey 2017 Nazim Cerkes Open Rhinoplasty Course Istanbul/Turkey

2017 RSE (Rhinoplasty Society of Europe) Live Surgery Course Istanbul/Turkey 

2018EPCD National Meeting Istanbul/Turkey

2018 6th Bergamo Open Rhinoplasty Course Bergamo/Italy

2018 Teoman Dogan 4th Push Down Rhinoplasty Surgery Course Istanbul/Turkey 

2019 EPCDNational Meeting Istanbul/Turkey

2019 Serdar Eren Facelift Workshop

2019 TPRCD XII. Rhinoplasty and V. Facial Aesthetics Course

2019 ISAPS Course & 11th International Eurasian Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Meeting

2019 Aestheticstanbul Aesthetic Surgery Congress

2019 Eurasian Non-Surgical Days

2019 LG Yvoire Advanced Cadaver Training Course 2019 Istanbul Live Surgery Rhinoplasty Course 2020 IMCAS WorldCongress

2021 ISAPS World Congress 2021 Bella EyesCourse

2021 Hands-On Human Cadaver Course 2022 ISAPS World Congress

2022 TSAPS Breast Surgery School 2023 MentorBreast Symposium

2023 3rd Joint International Meeting of Rhinoplasty Societies 2023 ISAPS Olympiad Athens World Congress

2023 BLS and ACLS Course

2024 TSAPS 28th National Congress 2024Exosomes&Stem Cell Meeting

2024 Face to Face Istanbul Live Surgery International Congress 2024The New Frontiers of Facelifting

2024 Midface Lift&Cadaver Dissection Course

Hobies

Snowboard, Cycling, Crossfit, Running, Swimming, Kitesurfing, Photography, Travelling, Books, Guitar

Certificates

BLS and ACLS

Professor Hakan
Aesthetic Plastic Surgeon

EDUCATION

• 2006: Ege University - Medical School, MD
• 2014: Atatürk University Medical Faculty - Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, MS

EXPERTISE

• Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck)
• Breast Augmentation / Reduction
• Rhinoplasty / Septoplasty
• Blepharoplasty
• Otoplasty
• Buccal Fat Removal
• Microsurgery
• Non-Surgical Face Treatments
• Liposculpture
• Brazilian Butt Lifting
• Arm, Thigh, Back, and Breast Lifting
• Gynecomastia
• Labiaplasty, Hymenoplasty
• Vaginoplasty
• Fat Injection

MEMBERSHIPS

• Turkish Plastic Reconstructive Aesthetic Surgery Association (TPRECD)

PUBLISHED JOURNAL ARTICLES

1. Reconstruction of Complex Shallow Defects of the Extremities with Free Serratus Musculofascial Flap
2. Latissimus Dorsi Flap Harvest with a Short Incision
3. Treatment of Linear Scleroderma (en Coup de Sabre) with Dermal Fat Grafting
4. Versatile Use of Rhomboid Flaps for Closure of Skin Defects
5. Reconstruction of Postburn Contractures Due to Tandem Oven
6. Ultrasound Guided Bilateral Rhomboid Intercostal Block for Breast Reduction Surgery
7. Total Lower Lip Reconstruction with Functional Gracilis Free Muscle Flap
8. Management of Saddle Nose Deformity Using Dermal Fat and Costal Cartilage "Sandwich" Graft: A Problem-Oriented Approach and Anthropometric Evaluation
9. Total Lower Lip Reconstruction Using Free Neurotendinous Fascocutaneous Anterolateral Thigh Composite Flap: A Case Report
10. Maxillofacial Fracture Experiences: A Review of 152 Cases
11. Neurotized Sural Flap: An Alternative in Sensory Reconstruction of the Foot and Ankle Defects

Dr. Orhan Aydın
Specialist in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery

Professional Summary

A highly accomplished Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgeon with 16 years of clinical experience. Over 3,000 rhinoplasty procedures and more than 15,000 aesthetic surgeries have been performed, demonstrating exceptional expertise in facial rejuvenation, body contouring, breast surgeries, and advanced reconstructive techniques. Skilled in both surgical and non-surgical procedures, with a strong commitment to patient care, innovation, and precision in achieving outstanding results.

Education

• Doctor of Medicine (MD) – Celal Bayar University, School of Medicine
• Residency in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery – Pamukkale University, School of Medicine

Professional Experience

Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgeon

Pamukkale University Training and Research Hospital (2009 – 2014)

• Gained expertise in complex reconstructive surgeries, including hand and maxillofacial procedures.
• Actively involved in academic training programs for medical residents.

Sanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Training and Research Hospital (2014 – 2016)

• Conducted a high volume of rhinoplasty and breast surgeries, establishing a reputation for meticulous attention to detail.

Ankara Dr. A. Yurtaslan Oncology Training and Research Hospital (2016 – 2018)

• Specialized in reconstructive surgeries for oncology patients, including breast reconstruction and skin cancer surgeries.

Private Clinic, Ankara (2018 – Present)

• Successfully performed thousands of aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries, focusing on patient satisfaction and innovative surgical techniques.
• Expanded practice to include non-surgical treatments such as fillers, Botox, and laser therapies.

Areas of Expertise

• Rhinoplasty (Nasal Surgery)
• Breast Surgeries: Augmentation, Reduction, Lifting
• Facial Rejuvenation: Facelift, Neck Lift, Eyelid Surgery
• Body Contouring: Liposuction, Tummy Tuck, BBL
• Reconstructive Surgeries: Hand Surgery, Breast Reconstruction, Skin Cancer Treatments
• Non-Surgical Procedures: Botox, Fillers, Laser Therapies
• Burn and Scar Management

Certifications & Courses

• Preservation Rhinoplasty Certification – Preservation Rhinoplasty Course, 2018
• Closed Atraumatic Rhinoplasty Certification – 2019
• International Health Tourism Certification – Ministry of Health, 2022

Publications

• "A Rare Case of Endochondral Pseudocyst of the Auricle" – Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Journal, 2016
• "Effects of Tamoxifen on Survival of Cutaneous and Myocutaneous Flaps" – European Review of Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2014
• "Intramuscular Myxoma: Clinical and Surgical Observations" – Published with Pamukkale University Research Team

Languages

• English: Fluent
• Turkish: Native

Contact Information

Dr. Orhan Aydın
Maidan Work Center, C/55, Ankara, Turkey
Website: www.drorhanaydin.com
Instagram: @drorhanaydin

Dr Reema Arora has been a national and international trainer in BOTOX® and Fillers for the past 18 years. She has worked with Allergan India Pvt Ltd. as Medical Head- Facial Aesthetics and has the credit of training over 1500 Dermatologist and Plastic surgeons in the art of facial rejuvenation with injectables.
Dr. Arora has single handedly revolutionized the use of Botox and dermal fillers in India with new innovations and focus on Indian faces. She has perfected the art of using Botox, Juvederm, and Voluma amongst other injectables to rejuvenate, enhance and treat the whole face including -facial asymmetries, defining various facial features like the nose, jaw, lips and resolving excessive sweating. 

Dr Reema Arora has been a national and international trainer in BOTOX® and Fillers for the past 18 years. She has worked with Allergan India Pvt Ltd. as Medical Head- Facial Aesthetics and has the credit of training over 1500 Dermatologist and Plastic surgeons in the art of facial rejuvenation with injectables.
Dr. Arora has single handedly revolutionized the use of Botox and dermal fillers in India with new innovations and focus on Indian faces. She has perfected the art of using Botox, Juvederm, and Voluma amongst other injectables to rejuvenate, enhance and treat the whole face including -facial asymmetries, defining various facial features like the nose, jaw, lips and resolving excessive sweating.

Dr. Arora made the switch to cosmetic medicine in 2006 following her passion for Aesthetics. She has been trained in Australia, Korea and Singapore with acclaimed dermatologist and plastic surgeons. Dr. Reema Arora is a medical graduate from St John’s Medical College Hospital and a postgraduate in Paediatrics.She went on to do her Masters in Aesthetic Medicine from London in 2018 and has gone on to become a brand in herself in Facial Aesthetics, continuously perfecting her well honed skills. Being India’s leading Rejuvenation expert for over 8 years, Dr. Reema Arora has always been a pioneer in Injectables. She constantly updates her techniques and extensive knowledge of the subject by attending training workshops and seminars.