Los mejores ortopedistas de Artroplástica de los tendones de Aquiles — TOP-59 médicos

El Prof. Dr. Mehmet Aydogan es un cirujano ortopédico experimentado que se especializa en deformidades de la columna en adultos y niños, cirugía avanzada de columna, tratamiento de escoliosis sin fusión y otros procedimientos relacionados. Ha publicado 60 artículos científicos nacionales e internacionales y es miembro de la North America Spine Society, la Scoliosis Research Society y la European Spine Society. Habla inglés, lo que hace que las consultas con pacientes internacionales sean cómodas y tiene experiencia trabajando en Turquía, California, EE. UU. y otros países.

El Prof. Dr. Gürsel Saka es un especialista en ortopedia y traumatología que completó la educación médica de la Universidad Técnica de Karadeniz y una educación especializada de la Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Dr. Lütfi Kırdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital. Ha realizado exitosas cirugías en los campos de cirugía de columna, cirugía traumatológica, artroplastia y cirugía de pelvis-acetábulo. Actualmente atiende pacientes en el Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital Intercontinental Hisar.

El Dr. Selman Dogan es un cirujano ortopédico altamente calificado que se especializa en reemplazo de cadera y hombro, traumatología deportiva, cirugía de trauma de las extremidades inferiores y superiores, cirugía de columna y lesiones de ligamentos y tendones de la rodilla. Tiene una licenciatura de la Facultad de Medicina Cerrahpasa de la Universidad de Estambul y ha completado residencias en el Hospital de Investigación y Capacitación Umraniye de Estambul y el Hospital de Investigación y Capacitación Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan.

Proporciona cirugía de mano única y microcirugía reconstructiva de los nervios. Entre sus pacientes se encuentra Dani Pedrosa, leyenda del motociclismo español. Ortopedista-Traumatólogo

El Dr. X es un cirujano ortopédico que se especializa en el tratamiento de tobillos, pies, rodillas y hombros. Utiliza células madre para ayudar a tratar el daño articular y ha estado practicando desde 1993. Ha realizado pasantías en varios países y recibió la beca de viaje EFORT en 2000. Vive y practica en España desde 2006.

MEDICAL INTERESTS 

Sports Injuries and Surgical Treatment (Arthroscopic and Open Surgical Treatments of Knee, Hip, Elbow, Shoulder, Ankle injuries) 

Shoulder and Elbow Diseases and Surgical Treatment 

Joint and Cartilage injuries 

Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery and Reconstruction 

Joint Arthroplasty (Knee, Hip and Shoulder Prosthetic Surgery) 

Treatment of Trauma (Orthopedic Fractures, Dislocations and Soft tissue injuries)

Education 

Graduation, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine (1999-2005) 

Specialty Training, Bezmialem Foundation University Faculty of Medicine Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2005-2010) 

South Korea Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society (KSES) Traveling Fellowship Scholarship Award in South Korea (2023) 

Orthopedic Trauma Research Assistant, Thomas Jefferson University Research Fellowship Program (2015- 16)2011, Director: Prof. Dr. Javad Parvizi) 

Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Fellowship Program (01.12.2008- 13.02.2009)

Experience 

State service obligation, Ordu Ünye State Hospital (2011-2012) 

Istanbul Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital (2014-2018) 

Associate Professor Doctor, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital (2018-2023) 

Clinical administrative responsibility, Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşçıoğlu State Hospital (2019-2020) 

Professor Doctor,Chief Physician,Clinical Training Officer, Istanbul Baltalimanı Bone Diseases Training and Research Hospital (2023) 

Liv Hospital ( 2024)

Memberships 

Turkish Orthopedics and Traumatology Education Council (TOTEK)

Turkish Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (TOTBİD)

Turkish Society of Shoulder Elbow Surgery 

Turkish Society of Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy and Knee Surgery (TUSYAD) 

European Society For Surgery Of The Shoulder And The Elbow (SECEC) 

Turkish Medical Association Reconstructive Microsurgery Association 

Member of the Ethics Committee of the Turkish Association of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2019) 

Turkish Medical Association, Istanbul Medical Chamber

• 2017;Yakın Doğu Üniversite Hastanesi
• 2015 - 2017; Aksaz Asker Hastanesi
• 2010 - 2015; GATA Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi Ankara
• 2001 - 2007; GATA Tıp Fakültesi Ankara

Faculty of Medicine Hacettepe School of Medicine (1994-2001)

Specialty training: Istanbul Training and Research Hospital (2002-2008)

In 2015, he was awarded the title of Associate Professor.

On February 01, 2021, he was promoted to Professor.

Professional Positions:

• Consultant MD, Balıkesir Military Hospital (2008-2009)

• Consultant MD, Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital (2009-2011)

• Assistant Professor MD, Dicle University, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2011-2017)

• Associate Professor MD, Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2017-2020)

• Professor MD, Istanbul Medipol University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2021 – Ongoing)

El doctor Ron Arbel es un cirujano ortopédico experimentado y altamente capacitado que se especializa en medicina deportiva y técnicas innovadoras de tratamiento y regeneración del cartílago. Es experto en técnicas artroscópicas, terapia con células madre, daños en tendones y reemplazos articulares. Ha ocupado cargos como jefe del departamento de ortopedia en el Centro Médico Ichilov y médico principal en el Centro Médico Assaf Harofeh y es miembro de varias organizaciones médicas.

Piya Assawaboonyadej, M.D.

Este médico ha asistido a varios programas de formación médica, congresos y cursos entre 2002 y 2019, y es miembro de la Asociación Médica Turca, la Asociación de Artroplastia de Cadera y Rodilla, el Congreso Internacional de Reconstrucción Articular y la Sociedad Turca de Ortopedia y Traumatología.

El Dr. X completó su educación universitaria en la Facultad de Medicina Çapa de la Universidad de Estambul (1985 - 1992). Luego completó su educación profesional en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Uludağ en el Departamento de Ortopedia y Traumatología (1993 - 1998) y una pasantía en el Departamento de Cirugía Ortopédica en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Northwestern en Chicago (1997). Es miembro de la Asociación Médica Turca (TTB), la Asociación Estadounidense de Cirujanos Ortopédicos (AAOS), la Asociación de Artroscopia de América del Norte (AANA), el Congreso Internacional para la Reconstrucción Articular (ICJR) y la Sociedad Turca de Ortopedia y Traumatología (TOTBID). ).

EDUCATION

Balgrist University, Zurich

• Shoulder and Elbow Observership, Feb 8th - March 23rd, 2023

Bezmialem Vakif University

• Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Fellowship Program, March 1st - July 2nd, 2021

Istanbul Sisli Etfal Research and Training Hospital

• Residency, Orthopaedic Surgery, 2011-2016

Hospital for Special Surgery, USA

• Observership, May 2nd - June 30th, 2016

Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

• Medical School, 2003–2009

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Training Hospital

• Residency, Orthopaedic Surgery, 2011-2016

Kilis State Hospital

• Orthopaedics Surgeon, 2017-2019

Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital

• Orthopaedics Surgeon, 2019-2020

Istanbul Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Training Hospital

• Orthopaedics Surgeon, 2020-2024

Medipol Acıbadem Hospital

• Orthopaedics Surgeon, 2024-present

Over 60 articles published in International and National Peer Reviewed Scientific Journals

Over 50 papers-posters presented in International and National Meetings-Congresses

Articles published in international peer reviewed journals (SCI & SCI exp.):

1. Aydin A,Wollstein G, Price LL, Fujimoto JG, Schuman JS. Optical coherence tomography assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes after glaucoma surgery. Ophthalmology. 2003:110(8);1506-1511.
2. Aydin A, Wollstein G, Price LL, Schuman JS. Evaluating pulsatile ocular blood flow analysis in normal and treated glaucomatous eyes. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;136(3):448-453.
3. Schuman JS, Wollstein G, Farra T, Hertzmark E, Aydin A,Fujimoto JG, Paunescu LA. Comparison of optic nerve head measurements obtained by optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Am J Ophthalmol  2003:135;504-512.
4. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Price LL, Aydin  A,Beaton BA, Stark PC, Fujimoto JG, Ishikawa H. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer measurements and automated visual fields.  Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;138(2):218-225.
5. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Price LL, Aydin A,Stark PC, Hertzmark E, Lai E, Ishikawa H, Mattox C, Fujimoto JG, Paunescu LA. Optical coherence tomography longitudinal evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2005;123:464-470.
6. Ersanli D, Unal M, Aydin A,Gulecek O, Kalemoglu M. Results of pars plana vitrectomy in closed-globe injuries. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2005;36:182-186 .
7. Aydin A,Akin T, Bilge AH. Management of persistent glaucoma secondary to depot methylprednisolone. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2007;38:399-401.
8. Ersanli D, Top C, Oncul O, Aydin A,Terekeci H. Relationship between serum soluble E-selectin levels and development of diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2007 ;67 :474-479.
9. Akin T, Aykan U, Karadayı K, Aydin A, Yildiz TF, Bilge AH. Capsulorhexis in white cataract using a green-light endoillumination probe. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2007 ;38 :520-522.
10. Unal M, Aydin A,Sonmez M, Ayata A, Ersanli D. Validation of the ocular trauma score for intraocular foreign bodies in deadly weapon-related open-globe injuries. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2008 ;39:121-124.
11. Aydin A,Karadayi K, Aykan U, Can G, Colakoglu K, Bilge AH. [Effectiveness of topical ciclosporin A treatment after excision of primary pterygium and limbal conjunctival autograft.]  J Fr Ophtalmol 2008;31 :699-704.
12. Dogru S, Gungor A, Kucukodaci Z, Aydin A,Senol MG, Karabudak O, Cincik H, Gunes M, Salihoglu M. Lipoid proteinosis-report of three cases and brief review of the literature. The American Journal of Case Report, 2008;9:346-350.
13. Aydin A,Ayata A, Sabahyildizi M, Ersanli D. [Poland-Möbius syndrome associated with lacrimal punctal and canalicular agenesis.] J Fr Ophtalmol 2010;33:119.e1-e5.
14. Aydin A,Velioglu M, Ersanli D. [Orbital varix presenting with enophthalmos. A case report ]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2010;33: 344.e1-344.e5.
15. Aydin A, Cakir A, Ersanli D. Isolated extraocular muscle involvement as the ophthalmic manifestation of leukemia- another explanation. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2010;38(6):651.
16. Aydin A,Cakir A, Sayan O, Haholu A, Velioglu M, Ersanli D. Intraocular pressure elevation in isolated extraocular muscle infiltration by leukaemia. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol 2011 Apr;39(3):283-5.
17. Aydin A, Aksoy Y, Unal MH, Ersanli D. [Necrotizing scleritis after pterygium surgery using mitomycyn C.] J Fr Ophtalmol 2012;Jan;35(1):74-75.
18. Aydin A,Sabahyildizi M, Bilge AH. [Management of extruded haptic of an anterior chamber lens.] J Fr Ophtalmol 2012 Apr;35(4):315.
19. Aydin A,Cakir A, Unal MH, Ersanli D. Central serous retinal detachment following glaucoma filtration surgery. J Fr Ophtalmol 2012;35:529.e1-529.e5.
20. Aydin A, Sabahyildizi, Kocak I. Auto-refractometer may assist in discovering asymptomatic iridociliary cysts. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014;37(5);e.71-e.72.
21. 21. Kocak I, Aydin A, Kaya F, Koc H.Comparison of transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking with epithelium-off crosslinking in progressive keratoconus J Fr Ophtalmol 2014;37(5): 371-376
22. Kocak I, Kocak F, Teker B, Aydin A, Kaya F, Baybora H. Evaluation of bacterial contamination rate of the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification surgery using an automated microbial detection system. Int J Ophthalmol 2014;7(4):686-688
23. Cakir A, Duzgun E, Demir S, Aydin A. Jerky see-saw nystagmus with internuclear ophthalmoplegia as the presenting finding in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014;37(10):e157-159.
24. A4. Kocak I, Aydin A, Sahbaz I, Kaya F, Baybora H. The management of corneal melt occurring after collagen cross-linking for keratoconus. J Fr Ophtalmol 2015;38(1):e11-13.
25. Aydin A,Kocak I, Aykan U, Can G, Sabahyildizi M, Ersanli D. The influence of the learning effect on automated perimetry in Turkish people. J Fr Ophtalmol 2015;38(7):628-632.
26. Kaya F, Kocak I, Aydin A, Baybora H, Karabela Y. Comparison of different formulas for intraocular lens power calculation using a new optical biometer. J Fr Ophtalmol 2015; Jul 20. pii: S0181-5512(15)00223-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2015.03.006.
27. Kocak I, Aydin A, Kaya F, Baybora H, Bozkurt S.Efficacy of radial keratotomy in the optical rehabilitation of mild to moderate keratoconus cases. Int Eye Scı 2015;15:572-576
28. Porter LF, Galli GG, Williamson S, Selley J, Knight D, Elcioglu N, Aydin A, Elcioglu M, Venselaar H, Lund AH, Bonshek R, Black GC, Manson FD.  A role for repressive complexes and H3K9 di-methylation in PRDM5-associated brittle cornea syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2015;24(23):6565-6579.
29. Kaya F, Kocak I, Aydin A, Baybora H, Koc H, Karabela Y. Effect of aflibercept on persistent macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2018 Nov;41(9):809-813.
30. Balci O, Tanriverdi C, Aydin A, Ozsutcu M, Gulkilik G, Kocabora MS. Evaluation of changes in retinal and choroidal thickness using spectral domain optical coherence tomography in unilateral non granulomatous acute anterior uveitis. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2019 Feb;42(2):138-145.
31. Cakir A, Erden B, Bolukbasi S, Aydin A, Yurttaser Ocak S, Maden G, Elcioglu MN. Comparison of the effect of ranibizumab and dexamethasone implant in diabetic macular edema with concurrent epiretinal membrane. J Fr Ophtalmol.2019 Sep;42(7):683-689.

Papers presented at international scientific meetings and published in the proceedings book:

1. Schuman JS, Wollstein G, Paunescu AL, Ishikawa H, Aydin A, Hertzmark E, Fujimoto JG, Mattox C. Optical Coherence Tomography longitudinal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness assessment. Presented at the International Congress of Eye Research (ISER), Geneva, Switzerland, Oct. 2002.
2. Aydin A, Wollstein G, Price LL, Schuman JS. Optical coherence tomography assessment of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes after glaucoma surgery.  Poster presentation at the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) annual meeting, Orlando, FL, USA, Oct. 2002.
3. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Price LL, Aydin A, Hertzmark E, Ishikawa H, Mattox C, Fujimoto JG, Paunescu AL. Evaluating longitudinal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes with Optical Coherence Tomography. Presented at the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) annual meeting, Orlando, USA, Oct. 2002.
4. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Hertzmark E, Aydin A. Optical Coherence Tomography findings predicting future visual field progression.  Presented at the American Glaucoma Society (AGS) annual meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA, March 2003.
5. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Price LL, Aydin A, Hertzmark E, Ishikawa H, Mattox C, Paunescu AL, Fujimoto JG. Longitudinal Optical Coherence Tomography evaluation of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in glaucoma patients. Presented at the 4thInternational Glaucoma Symposium (IGS), March 2003, Barcelona, Spain.
6. Wollstein G, Schuman JS, Price LL, Aydin A, Paunescu LA, Stark PC, Fujimoto JG, Ishikawa H. Relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular and peripapillary measurements and automated visual fields. Submitted for presentation at the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) annual meeting, May 7, 2003.
7. Aydin A, Karadayi K, Can G, Colakoglu K, Bilge AH. Efficacité du traitement topique de ciclosporine A après l’excision du ptérygion primaire et l’autogreffe conjonctivo-limbique. Communication Orale, 114eCongrès de la Société Française d’Ophtalmologie (SFO 2008) ,Du 10 mai au 14 mai 2008 Palais des Congrès,JFO Résumés page :1s38 Paris, France.
8. Aydin A, Aykan U, Sabahyildizi M, Ersanli D. The influence of the learning effect on automated perimetry in Turkish people. World Glaucoma Congress 2009, 8-11 July 2009, Boston, MA USA.
9. Tanyuksel M, Aydin A, Unal MH, Ersanli D, Ozyurt M, Koru O, Araz E, Kilbas ZG. Acanthamoeba keratitis in a pregnant contact lens wearer in Turkey. Poster presentation, 58thAnnual Meeting of ASTMH (American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene) November  18-22, 2009, Washington, D.C., USA.
10. Salcan I, Akyan U, Colakoglu K, Aydin A, Ersanli D. The correlation of angle opening distance, angle recess area and trabecular-irisangle in the quantitative evaluation of the anterior chamber angle by ultrasound biomicroscopy. 9th European Glaucoma Society Congress 12-17 September 2010, Madrid Spain.
11. Aykan U, Sabahyildizi M, Salcan I, Aydin A, Ersanli D. The outcome of combined laser iridotomy and selective laser trabeculoplasty in a case with bilateral ocular hypertension secondary to pigment dispersion caused by extensive irido-ciliary cysts. 9th European Glaucoma Society Congress 12-17 September 2010, Madrid Spain.
12. Aydın A, Aykan U, Çakır A, Ersanlı D. “Ocular hypertension in isolated extraocular muscle infiltration by leukemia’’ 9th European Glaucoma Society Congress, 12-17 September 2010, Madrid Spain.

Turkish Books Section

Aydin A. Glokomda Yeni ilaçlar ve Modern İlaç Uygulama Yöntemleri. In: Glokom, Temel Kavramlar ve Yenilikler. Ocakoğlu Ö, Bayer A, Elgin U Eds. Anadolu Tıp Kitabevi, Ankara 2021 1st ed. Bölüm 36 p:375-381. ISBN:978-605-80205-3-5.

Awards:

• Ayata A, Aydın A, Duman C, Bilge AH. “Rapunzel” (fotoğraf sunumu) Türk Oftalmoloji Derneği 40. Ulusal Oftalmoloji Kongresi, 405, Antalya, 28 Ekim-01 Kasım 2006. Best medical photograph third award.
• Aydın A. “Akut myeloid lösemili bir hastada gelişen proptozis ve oküler hipertansiyon’’ TOD Glokom Birimi VI. Olgularla Glokom Sempozyumu, 29 Mayıs 2010, Antalya. Best presentation third award.
• Aydın A. ‘Travmatik glokomlu bir hastada trabekülektomi sonrası gelişen akut görme kaybı’’ TOD Glokom Birimi VII. Olgularla Glokom Sempozyumu, 28 Mayıs 2011, Girne. Best Presentation second award.
• Salcan İ, Aykan Ü, Çolakoğlu K, Aydın A, Erşanlı D. “ Sağlıklı, genç, erkek popülasyonda ultrason biyomikroskopi ile saptanan ön kamara açısına ait nicel değerler” 45. TOD Ulusal Kongresi 5-9 Ekim 2011, Girne. Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi Best article award (second).
• Çolakoğlu K, Aydın A, Kar T, Ayata A, Aykan Ü, Ünal M, Haholu A, Erşanlı D.Trabekülektomi uygulanan tavşanlarda bevacizumab’ın konjonktival yara iyileşmesi üzerine etkisi. Glokom-Katarakt Dergisi 2014;9(3):167-172. Glokom -Katarakt Dergisi 2014 best research 1st award.

Total citations: 896 (as of May 2021)

he top 10 publications with the most citations

1. Optical Coherence Tomography Longitudinal Evaluation of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Glaucoma
   May 2005 · Archives of Ophthalmology
   289 Citations
2. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) macular and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer measurements and automated visual fields
   Sep 2004 · American Journal of Ophthalmology
   186 Citations
3. Comparison of optic nerve head measurements obtained by optical coherence tomography and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy
   May 2003 · American Journal of Ophthalmology
      153 Citations
4. Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Changes after Glaucoma Surgery
   Aug 2003 · Ophthalmology
   77 Citations
5. Comparison of transepithelial corneal collagen crosslinking with epithelium-off crosslinking in progressive keratoconus
   May 2014 · Journal francais d'ophtalmologie
   41 Citations
6. Validation of the Ocular Trauma Score for Intraocular Foreign Bodies in Deadly Weapon-Related Open-Globe Injuries
   Mar 2008 · Ophthalmic Surgery Lasers and Imaging
   29 Citations
7. Evaluating pulsatile ocular blood flow analysis in normal and treated glaucomatous eyes
   Oct 2003 · American Journal of Ophthalmology
   19 Citations
8. A role for repressive complexes and H3K9 di-methylation in PRDM5-associated brittle cornea syndrome. September 2015 Human Molecular Genetics
   11 Citations
9. [Effectiveness of topical ciclosporin A treatment after excision of primary pterygium and limbal conjunctival autograft] October 2008 Journal Francais d'ophtalmologie
   10  Citations
10. [Orbital varix presenting with enophthalmos. A case report].
    May 2010 · Journal francais d'ophtalmologie
    10 Citations

El Dr. Aviram Gold es un cirujano ortopédico altamente experimentado, cirujano de reemplazo de cadera y rodilla con más de 20 años de experiencia. Es médico de la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalén, Escuela de Medicina Hadassah y tiene una Maestría en Administración de la Salud de la Universidad Ben-Gurion en el Negev, Escuela de Administración, Departamento de Administración de Sistemas de Salud. Está certificado por la junta de cirugía general y ortopédica de Israel, certificado en medicina aeronáutica, y ha asistido al Curso Avanzado de AO: Avances en el tratamiento de fracturas, Leeds y curso de Instructor de Soporte Vital Avanzado en Trauma. Ofrece tratamientos para una variedad de afecciones musculoesqueléticas, con procedimientos populares que incluyen reparación del tendón del hombro-manguito rotador, artroscopia de rodilla, cirugía de fusión de tobillo, reemplazo total de rodilla B/L, reemplazo total de cadera B/L, cirugía de rejuvenecimiento de cadera, ligamento cruzado anterior ( LCA) Reconstrucción, Reparación de meniscos, Liberación del túnel carpiano y Artroscopia de hombro. Horario de atención: lunes a sábado de 8 am a 4 pm.