Plataforma de Turismo Médico #1 desde 2014

Los mejores cirujanos de Cirugía — TOP-315 médicos

author
El contenido cumple con la Política editorial de Bookimed y está revisado médicamente por
Fahad Mawlood - Médico general. Ganador de 4 premios científicos. Sirvió en Asia Occidental. Es el ex jefe del equipo médico que soporta a pacientes de habla árabe. Ahora es responsable del procesamiento de datos y la precisión del contenido médico.
image
Krzysztof Freygant
Cirujano general
18 años de experiencia
4.6
5 reseñas
Polonia, Rzeszów
Hospital especializado del nombre de la Sagrada Familia

Krzysztof Freygant

Cirujano general
18 años de experiencia

Dr. Freygant is the head of the General Surgery Department, where general and oncological surgery procedures are performed using modern techniques and methods. The department specializes in gallbladder, hernia and varicose veins surgeries. Hernia surgeries are performed using a tension-free method using a plastic mesh, in accordance with the standards of modern surgery.

We provide our patients with the best possible stay conditions, full safety of surgical procedures and exceptionally caring care from a qualified team of specialists - doctors and nurses, whose work is managed by the doctor. Krzysztof Freygant.

The ward has 12 beds in high-standard rooms. Hospitalization takes place in air-conditioned, 2- and 3-person rooms with a bathroom, access to TV and free Internet.

Mostrar más
4.6
5 reseñas
Precio del paquete Todo Incluido:
Cirugía de hernia inguinal
$1041 $946
Ver descripción detallada
image
Yavuz Selim Yildirim
Otorrinolaringológo
17 años de experiencia
4.5
143 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Hospital Hisar Intercontinental

Yavuz Selim Yildirim

Otorrinolaringológo
17 años de experiencia

El Dr. Yavuz Selim YILDIRIM tiene una Maestría en Gestión de Hospitales e Instituciones de Salud y ha trabajado en muchas instituciones, como el Hospital de Capacitación e Investigación Haseki del Ministerio de Salud y la Universidad de Bezmialem.

Ha asistido a muchas conferencias internacionales y ganado premios, y tiene trabajos de investigación publicados.

Sus campos de especialización incluyen:

  • la estética de la nariz;
  • el implante coclear;
  • las pérdidas auditivas;
  • las infecciones del oído;
  • los trastornos del equilibrio;
  • las alergias nasales;
  • la poliposis nasal;
  • la cirugía del cáncer;
  • la cirugía plástica facial;
  • los trastornos de la voz;
  • los nódulos tiroideos;
  • la sinusitis;
  • la cirugía endoscópica de los senos paranasales;
  • las enfermedades de las amígdalas y las adenoides;
  • ronquido, cirugía de la apnea del sueño.

Ha tenido experiencias internacionales en los EE. UU. en la Universidad Johns Hopkins, la Universidad de Harvard, la Escuela de Medicina de Harvard, el Hospital Infantil de Boston, la Universidad Tufts y la Clínica Cleveland.

Mostrar más
image
Ali Karahan
Especialista en trasplante capilar
31 años de experiencia
4.4
58 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Quartz Hospital

Ali Karahan

Especialista en trasplante capilar
31 años de experiencia

Dr. Ali Karahan, born in 1970 in Kahramanmaraş, graduated from Trakya University

Faculty of Medicine in 1993. He began his career as an emergency doctor and

completed his specialization in Anesthesiology and Reanimation at Okmeydanı

Training and Research Hospital in 2004. Following this, he served as an

anesthesiologist in various public and private hospitals.

Since 2009, Dr. Karahan has specialized in hair transplantation in Istanbul, managing

hair transplant clinics at prestigious hospitals such as Memorial and Kadıköy Şifa. His

expertise in hair transplantation has led him to participate in numerous national and

international conferences. Since 2019, he has continued to provide services in his own

clinic, known for his skill in achieving natural and successful results.

With over 25 years of experience and a strong dedication to his profession, Dr.

Karahan is recognized as one of the leading figures in the field of hair transplantation

in Turkey.

Mostrar más

Descubra los paquetes polulares de de la temporada

clinic image
clinic image clinic image
Toque para ver más sobre el paquete
Turquía, Ankara
clinic image
clinic image clinic image
Toque para ver más sobre el paquete
México, Coahuila
image
Pekize Eker Balcioglu
Cirujano general
22 años de experiencia
4.5
143 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Hospital Hisar Intercontinental

Pekize Eker Balcioglu

Cirujano general
22 años de experiencia

Pakize EKER BALCIOĞLU, MD, se graduó de la Facultad de Medicina de Cerrahpaşa, Universidad de Estambul, y completó su residencia en el Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Marmara. Es autora de artículos en revistas locales e internacionales y tiene campos de interés médico en dolor de senos, tratamientos de hemorroides, tratamientos de fisuras anales, tratamientos de seno pilonidal y lipomas. Ha trabajado en el Hospital Universitario Marmara, el Hospital Atlas, el Hospital Maltepe Ersoy y el Hospital Sultanbeyli Ersoy.

Mostrar más
Cómo elegir el médico y la clínica adecuados: Consejos de expertos
Al elegir un médico o una clínica, tenga en cuenta estos puntos clave:
Revise las credenciales
Verifique las certificaciones de entidades como ISAPS, JCI, etc.
Revise las tasas de éxito
Elija médicos con una amplia experiencia en su tratamiento específico.
Lea las reseñas de los pacientes
Reseñas de pacientes reales de Bookimed para conocer su experiencia.
Garantía de comunicación
Elija clínicas que ofrezcan servicio de traducción para facilitar el tratamiento.
Pregunte sobre los servicios
Confirme si proporcionan alojamiento y traslados, y compruebe los costes.
Elegir una clínica en el extranjero puede ser estresante. En Bookimed, con más de 800K pacientes ayudados, entendemos sus preocupaciones. Sabemos cómo encontrar médicos de confianza, las mejores opciones calidad-precio y soluciones incluso para casos complejos. Estamos aquí para guiarle en cada paso de su viaje médico.
image
Yan Matsiivskiy
Jefe del Equipo de coordinadores médicos
image
Lana Bijelic
Oncólogo quirúrgico
26 años de experiencia
4.7
403 reseñas
España, Barcelona
Centro Médico Teknon

Lana Bijelic

Oncólogo quirúrgico
26 años de experiencia

acreditaciones:

Society of Surgical Oncology
International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association
Surgical Outcomes Club
American Board of Surgery
Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
+1

La Dra. Lana Bijelic es cirujana oncológica y especialista en carcinomatosis peritoneal que se unió al Grupo Quirúrgico de Carcinomatosis del Teknon Oncology Institute en 2019. Está certificada por el American Board of Surgery y es miembro de varias comunidades científicas, incluido el American College of Surgeons and la Sociedad de Oncología Quirúrgica. Ha ocupado varios puestos de investigación y clínicos, y ha obtenido numerosos logros académicos.

Mostrar más
image
Assoc Prof Dr Guner Cakmak
Cirujano general
27 años de experiencia
4.4
48 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Hospital Lokman Hekim de Estambul (Lokman Hekim Istanbul Hospital)

Assoc Prof Dr Guner Cakmak

Cirujano general
27 años de experiencia

 

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Güner ÇAKMAK is a highly skilled and experienced specialist in General Surgery, currently practicing at Lokman Hekim University İstanbul Hospital. With a medical degree earned from Haydarpaşa Numune Hospital in 1997, he has built an extensive career, focusing on various advanced surgical techniques. His areas of expertise include laparoscopic surgery, bariatric and metabolic surgery, hepatopancreatobiliary surgery, and various types of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgeries, including those for hernias, reflux, and esophageal issues. He is also highly experienced in hemorrhoid surgery and surgeries for anal fistulas and fissures.

Throughout his career, Dr. Çakmak has made significant contributions to medical literature, having published over 43 articles in international peer-reviewed journals and 16 in national journals. He is also the author of 20 technical notes, case reports, and research articles. His commitment to advancing medical knowledge is reflected in the numerous awards he has received, with a total of 9 prizes recognizing his exceptional work in surgery. Fluent in Turkish, English, and German, Dr. Çakmak offers comprehensive care to his patients, employing the latest minimally invasive techniques to ensure the best outcomes.

At Lokman Hekim University İstanbul Hospital, he continues to provide expert care, focusing on complex surgeries, with an emphasis on laparoscopic and metabolic procedures. His work is marked by a dedication to patient well-being and continuous professional development, making him a trusted choice for individuals seeking high-quality surgical care in Turkey.

Mostrar más
image
Yossefovitz Ofer
Cirujano urológico
30 años de experiencia
4.4
138 reseñas
Israel, Tel Aviv
Centro médico Sourasky

Yossefovitz Ofer

Cirujano urológico
30 años de experiencia

El Prof. Ofer Yossefovitz es un cirujano urólogo laparoscópico altamente experimentado de Israel con experiencia en urología oncológica, cirugía urológica y cirugía robótica. Ha completado un título de Doctor en Medicina y ha tenido becas de investigación en el Centro de Cáncer Memorial Sloan Kettering. Tiene más de 25 años de experiencia en la práctica clínica, ha publicado numerosos trabajos de investigación y es profesor titular en la Facultad de Medicina Sackler de la Universidad de Tel Aviv. Es miembro de varias organizaciones médicas.

Mostrar más
image
Manuela Seifert
Oncólogo quirúrgico
24 años de experiencia
4.6
56 reseñas
Alemania, Solingen
Medical Center in Solingen

Manuela Seifert

Oncólogo quirúrgico
24 años de experiencia

La Dra. Manuela Seifert es una de las principales especialistas alemanas en mamas.

Especialidad

La Dra. Manuela Seifert es especialista en diagnóstico, terapia y postratamiento de enfermedades mamarias y ecografía.

El Dr. Seifer aplica las operaciones de conservación del seno como un método de tratamiento clave.

Experiencia laboral

  • Desde 2016 – Jefe de la Clínica de Mama en el Centro Médico de Solingen
  • 2012-2016 – Especialista en mama y senología en Helios Universitätsklinikum Wuppertal
  • 2001-2012: ginecólogo y obstetra sénior en el Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia de Klinikverbund St. Antonius und St. Josef GmbH.

Educación

  • Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Heinrich-Heine – Licenciatura en medicina general
  • Klinikverbund St. Antonius und St. Josef GmbH – Especialidad en ginecología y obstetricia.
Mostrar más
image
Taveechai Taveecharoenkool
Cirujano general
14 años de experiencia
Tailandia, Bangkok
Centro Médico Rattinan

Taveechai Taveecharoenkool

Cirujano general
14 años de experiencia

Education and Qualifications :

  • Bachelor degree in medical science
    Faculty of science, Mahidol university 1998-2002
  • Medical degree
    Faculty of medicine, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol university 1998-2001, 2008-2011
  • Diploma Thai board of otolaryngology head and neck surgery.
    Faculty of medicine, Vajira hospital, Navamindradhiraj University 2015-8
  • Fellowship of Korean college of cosmetic surgery and medicine 2018-19
  • Doctor of Philosophy in immunology
    Faculty of medicine, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol university 2006-2010

Work history :

  • Khon Kaen hospital, Thailand 2010-2011
  • Wanyai hospital, Mukdahan, Thailand 2010-2012
  • Ponsak clinic, Bangkok, Thailand 2012-2013
  • Meko clinic, Bangkok, Thailand 2013-2015
  • Vajira hospital, Bangkok, Thailand 2015-2018
  • clinics Bangkok, Thailand 2018-present

Certificate of training/participation :

  • Korean society for cosmetic surgery fellowship 2018-19
  • Live surgery and hand-on in upper and lower blepharoplasty, rhinoplasty, lip plasty, mentoplasty, breast augmentation, face lift. V-fet clinic
  • 4th ASEAN meeting of aesthetic surgery and medicine 2019
  • FATS Bangkok 2019 (Forum of adipose tissue and stem cells)
  • Rhinoplasty master class manila 2019
  • Annual meetings of Royal Collage of Otolaryngologists- head and neck surgeons of Thailand 2017-20
Mostrar más
image
Demetrio Camacho
Dentista
28 años de experiencia
México, Los Algodones
NEW IDEA DENTAL

Demetrio Camacho

Dentista
28 años de experiencia

Dedicated dentist with 28+ years of experience providing professional dental services and compassionate patient care. Proficient in doing extractions .Implants,All on 4 and hollywood smiles. Prominent achievements include increasing patient retention rates by implementing new scanning technology. Seeking to bring my expertise and expand my prosthodontist skills.As a dentist, I have the unique ability to improve the oral health of my patients. I can relieve their pain, restore their smiles, and positively impact their overall well-being. Seeing the transformation in my patients’ lives is incredibly rewarding. Whether it’s alleviating toothaches, treating gum diseases, or performing complex dental procedures, I know that my work is making a real difference..

Mostrar más
image
Osman Civil
Cirujano colorectal
21 años de experiencia
5.0
2 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Medipol Bahçelievler Hospital

Osman Civil

Cirujano colorectal
21 años de experiencia

Experience

  • 2020

Istanbul Medipol University General Surgery Clinic

  • 2019 - 2019

TURKISH COLON AND RECTUM SURGERY SOCIETY

  • 2018 - 2018

İNÖNÜ UNIVERSITY

  • 2018 - 2018

TURKISH OSTOMY SURGERY SOCIETY

  • 2018

MALATYA GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY SOCIETY

  • 2009 - 2009

DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL

  • 2009 - 2009

10th NATIONAL BREAST DISEASES CONGRESS

  • 2008 - 2008

TURKISH SURGICAL ASSOCIATION

  • 2006 - 2012

Kartal Training and Research Hospital, General Surgery Assistant

 

Education 

  • 2012

ISTANBUL KARTAL DR.LÜTFİ KIRDAR TRAINING AND RESEARCH HOSPITAL, GENERAL SURGERY

  • 2003

KARADENIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE

Mostrar más
image
Aniwat Nillakarn
Cirujano general
8 años de experiencia
Tailandia, Bangkok
Centro Médico Rattinan

Aniwat Nillakarn

Cirujano general
8 años de experiencia

Education

  • DOCTOR OF MEDICINE (FIRST CLASS HONORS) FACULTY OF MEDICINE , Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University. Khonkaen, Thailand | Jun 2010 – May 2016
  • THE HIGHER GRADUATE DIPLOMA (CLINICAL MEDICAL SCIENCES)) , Mahidol university. Bangkok, Thailand | Jul 2019 – May 2020
  • CERTIFICATION OF ATTENDANCE WORLD CONGRESS OF AESTHETIC , SURGERY – MEDICINE, ANTIAGING AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (WCAM2022)
  • WCAM. Bangkok, Thailand | Mar 2022 – Mar 2022
  • CERTIFICATION OF RHINOPLASTY, ALARPLASTY AND ALAR BASE REDUCTION 10X Academy. | Jun 2022 – Jun 2022

Experience

  • DOCTOR : Vachiraphuket hospital. Phuket, Thailand | Jul 2016 – Jun 2019
  • NEUROSURGERY TRAINING , Phramongkutklao hospital. Bangkok, Thailand | Jul 2019 – Feb 2022
  • AESTHETIC PHYSICIAN , Bangkok, Thailand | Feb 2022 – Present

Certificate

  • Certification of attendance Lip filler injection course
  • Certification of attendance Aesthetic injectology of the face at SAPs academy
  • Certification of participation Advance filler level 1 at Aesthetic concept academy
  • Certification of attendance world congress of aesthetic surgery – medicine, antiaging and alternative medicine (WCAM2022)
  • Certification of Rhinoplasty training course organized by Research Innovation Beauty Trend Group
  • Certification of attendance Alarplasty and alar base reduction by 10X Academy
  • Certification of Miami peel hand on by Skinova
  • Certification of attendance online webinar MD code: The 7-point shape
  • Certification of attendance online webinar Periorbital filler injection
Mostrar más
image
Wutthiwat Anupansawang
Cirujano general
20 años de experiencia
Tailandia, Bangkok
Centro Médico Rattinan

Wutthiwat Anupansawang

Cirujano general
20 años de experiencia

Board Certifications

  • M.D., Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital (2004)
  • Certificate of General Surgery Training Program, Metropolitan Group Hospitals, Chicago (2008)
  • Certificate of General Surgery Training Program, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (2009)
  • Diploma Thai Board of General Surgery, Siriraj Hospital (2012)
  • Certificate of the International Visiting Scholars Training Program Completion at the Department of Surgery, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
  • Certificate of Completion in Body Liposculpturing Surgery, Seoul, Korea.
  • Certificate of Completion in Rhinoplasty, Blephaloplasty, Breast Augmentation, Hair Transplant Surgery, Seoul, Korea
Mostrar más
image
Jesus Lopez
Dentista
24 años de experiencia
México, Los Algodones
Clínica dental MEGA DENTAL CARE

Jesus Lopez

Dentista
24 años de experiencia

Visiting the dentist regularly is an important part of maintaining good oral health. Unfortunately, not everyone looks forward to seeing their dentist. Some people experience anxiety surrounding dental care, while others may have endured frustrating experiences related to dental in the past.

Given the importance of routine dental care for maintaining oral and overall health, everyone stands to benefit from efforts to make visiting the dentist less stressful and more enjoyable. valued having a supportive and caring dentist and a dedicated dental team. The experience of having a dedicated, supportive and caring dentist helped patients to take control of their own oral health. These dentists and dental teams produced profound changes in not just the oral health care routines of patients, but in the way patients thought about their own oral health and the role of dental professionals.

Mostrar más
image
Hanifi Onalan
Oncólogo quirúrgico
25 años de experiencia
Turquía, Estambul
Atlas University Medicine Hospital

Hanifi Onalan

Oncólogo quirúrgico
25 años de experiencia

Gallbladder and bile duct surgery

Breast disease treatment and surgery

Anal region disease treatment and surgery (hemorrhoids, anal fissure, perianal abscess and fistula surgery)

Obesity treatment (Gastric balloon, botox and surgical treatment)

Thyroid diseases and surgical treatment

Hernia surgery (open and laparoscopic) (groin, umbilical, wound hernias)

Colon, rectum, stomach diseases and surgical treatment

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment interventions (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, ercp, peg)

 

2009- Atlas University Medicine Hospital

2004-2009 Tosya State Hospital

1994-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital

 

1999-2004 Taksim Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic

1992-1998 Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine

 

Courses and Conferences

Bakırkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital General Surgery Clinic Endoscopy Unit Videoendoscopy Application Certificate (March 2006)

Mostrar más
image
Xavier Centeno Fornies
Cirujano colorectal
30 años de experiencia
4.7
403 reseñas

Xavier Centeno Fornies

Cirujano colorectal
30 años de experiencia
España, Barcelona
Centro Médico Teknon
image
Abu Shamsiya Rami Nuamanovych
Cirujano colorectal
25 años de experiencia
4.9
17 reseñas
Ucrania, Kiev
Centro Quirúrgico Dievo

Abu Shamsiya Rami Nuamanovych

Cirujano colorectal
25 años de experiencia

• Surgical treatment: laparoscopic operations to remove all types of hernias (inguinal hernias, femoral hernias, umbilical hernias, postoperative ventral hernias, esophageal opening of the diaphragm and other types of abdominal wall hernias).

• Treatment of gallstone disease, removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy), stones in the ducts.

• Operative treatment for acute conditions (acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, perforating ulcer, perforation of a diverticulum, intestinal obstruction, purulent-septic diseases), all conditions of "acute abdomen".

• Treatment of oncological diseases of the stomach, intestines and other organs of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space.

• Treatment of varicose veins of the legs.

• Operative treatment of obesity (bariatric surgery) and metabolic dysfunction.

• Colitis, hemorrhoids, anal itching, fissures, constipation and diarrhea, anal sphincter weakness, anal sphincter incontinence due to rupture of the perineum after childbirth.

• Abdominal injuries.

• Perianal condylomas.

• Polypos.

• Proctitis, paraproctitis and others.

Mostrar más
image
Ron Greenberg
Cirujano colorectal
33 años de experiencia
4.4
138 reseñas
Israel, Tel Aviv
Centro médico Sourasky

Ron Greenberg

Cirujano colorectal
33 años de experiencia
El Dr. Ron Greenberg es un cirujano abdominal experimentado con más de 20 años de experiencia, especializado en cirugía abierta y mínimamente invasiva y de Whipple. Es el Jefe del Departamento de Cirugía Colorrectal en el Centro Médico Sourasky.Mostrar más
image
Alaettin Celik
Cirujano pediátrico
47 años de experiencia
5.0
29 reseñas
Turquía, Estambul
Florence Nightingale Hospital

Alaettin Celik

Cirujano pediátrico
47 años de experiencia

Prof. Dr. Alaettin Çelik graduated from Adapazarı Ilyaslar Primary School in 1960, from Haydarpaşa High School in 1966 and from Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine in 1972. In the same year, he became an assistant in the 2nd Surgery Department of the Faculty of Examination, and between November 1975 and February 1976, he did his military service for 4 months in the Gelibolu Military Hospital as a Reserve Officer. In 1977, he became a General Surgery Specialist in the Department of Surgical Surgery.

To establish the pediatric surgery department at the faculty and to expertise his speciality, he worked as a registrar at the London University “The Hospital for Sick Children” between 01.12.1978 – 01.12.1980. After returning to the faculty, he continued his pediatric surgery studies. He became an associate professor in 1982.

In the same year, he was appointed as the founding chairman of Pediatric Surgery Department of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine on 06.09.1982. He established the department of Pediatric Surgery with a capacity of 30 inpatients, an ICU, a polyclinic, and an operating room for students, assistants and specialists. In 1988 he became a professor. In addition to the Department of Pediatric Surgery, he was the Vice President of the Department of Surgical Medical Sciences between 1990 and 1995. Between 1995 and 1998, he served as the Head of the Department of Surgical Medical Sciences at the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine.

He is a specialist in General Surgery, Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology. He has numerous cited and published clinical and experimental research articles, case reports, expert theses, free papers in domestic and international congresses (2014), Pediatric Surgery Book of Pediatric Surgery (2014), Newborn Surgery (2008), Pediatric Surgery Book (2013).

He is a member of various professional medicine associations. He is also a member of the Turkish Ministry of Health Pediatric Surgery Society. He established, developed and trained a large number of students, assistants, experts and faculty members at the Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery. He left the Department of Pediatric Surgery in 2013. He retired from the age limit on 16.03.2016. The contracted working period in the same faculty ended on 22.10.2016. The Council of Children's Tumors conducts weekly meetings and he is still working as Pediatric Surgery Specialist in Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital

Mostrar más
image
Igor Suhotnik
Cirujano pediátrico
34 años de experiencia
4.4
138 reseñas
Israel, Tel Aviv
Centro médico Sourasky

Igor Suhotnik

Cirujano pediátrico
34 años de experiencia

acreditaciones:

Israeli Medical Association
American College of Surgeons

El Dr. Igor Sukhotnik es cirujano pediátrico sénior en el Hospital de Niños Dana Dweck (Centro Médico Ichilov) y profesor invitado en la Universidad de Tel Aviv, Israel, con 29 años de experiencia. Estudió en la Universidad de Medicina de Chernivtsi, Ucrania y ha sido miembro de varias asociaciones médicas.

Mostrar más
Esta página puede incluir información relacionada con diversas afecciones médicas, tratamientos y servicios de salud disponibles en diferentes países. Tenga en cuenta que el contenido se proporciona sólo con fines informativos y no debe interpretarse como asesoramiento médico o orientación. Por favor consulte con su médico o con un profesional médico calificado antes de comenzar o cambiar el tratamiento médico.